تولید بیودیزل از روغن مورینگا الیفرا با استفاده از نانوکاتالیست ناهمگن C/CuFe4O2/CaO و ترکیب آن با دیزل جهت بهبود خصوصیات سوخت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی شیمی، واحد مرودشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرودشت، ایران

2 گروه مهندسی شیمی، واحد بوشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بوشهر، ایران

چکیده

منابع سوخت‌های فسیلی هر روز رو به کاهش بوده و اخیراً استفاده از سوخت‌های زیستی بیش‌تر مورد توجه واقع شده است. در میان سوخت‌های زیستی، بیودیزل بیش‌تر مورد توجه است زیرا از مزایای زیست‌محیطی بسیاری برخوردار است. از سوی دیگر، در سال‌های اخیر تکنولوژی نانوکاتالیست نقش بارزی را در حل ایرادات فرآیند استریفیکاسیون ایفا نموده است. در این بررسی، روغن از دانه مورینگا الیفرا استخراج گردید و بیودیزل در حضور نانوکاتالیست ناهمگن CaO/4O2CuFe/C طی فرآیند استریفیکاسیون تهیه شد. به منظور تعیین خصوصیات فیزیکی و شیمیایی نانوکاتالیست ناهمگنC/CuFe4O2/CaO از آنالیزهای مختلفی همچون SEM، FTIR، XRD، EDX،TGA و TEM استفاده شد. فاکتورهای اثرگذار بر بازدهی بیودیزل بررسی گردید و با سوخت تجاری موجود در ایران ترکیب و سوخت‌هایی با ترکیب 00 B، 25 B، 50 B، 75 B و 100 B بیودیزل تولید شد و خواص فیزیکی آن‌ها مانند نقطه ریزش، نقطه ابری شدن، نقطه اشتعال، ویسکوزیته و دانسیته براساس استانداردهای 6751 ASTM D و 7467 ASTM D بررسی گردید. مقدار بهینه فاکتورهای مؤثر بر بازدهی تولید بیودیزل شامل نسبت مولی متانول/روغن، زمان واکنش، دما و مقدار کاتالیست به‌ترتیب 1:12، h 4، C° 60 و 3% به‌دست آمد. به‌علاوه، بیش‌ترین بازدهی بیودیزل تولید شده از مورینگاالیفرا در حضور نانوکاتالیست ناهمگن CaO/4O2CuFe/C در شرایط مطلوب 69/98% به‌دست آمد. مقایسه نتایج خواص فیزیکی بیودیزل با دیزل نشان داد که سایر خصوصیات در محدوده استاندارد قرار دارد و نقطه ریزش و ابری شدن برای هوای سرد مناسب است.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Biodiesel Production from Moringa Oleifera Oil Using CaO/CuFe2O4/C Heterogeneous Nanocatalyst and Combining Them with Diesel for Improvement of Fuel Properties

نویسندگان [English]

  • Kambiz Seffati 1
  • Hossein Esmaeili 2
  • Bizhan Honarvar 1
  • Nadia Esfandiari 1
1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Marvdasht Branch, Marvdasht, Islamic Azad University, Iran
2 Department of Chemical Engineering, Bushehr Branch, Bushehr, Islamic Azad University, Iran
چکیده [English]

The fossil fuel sources are decreasing, and the use of biofuels has been recently considered. Among biofuels, biodiesel is considered more because of the environmental benefits. In this study, CaO/CuFe2O4/C nanocatalyst was used to produce biodiesel from Moringa oleifera oil. Different analyses such as TGA, EDX, XRD, FTIR, SEM, and TEM were applied to characterize physical and chemical properties of the CaO/CuFe2O4/C nanocatalyst. Also, Taguchi method was used to determine the biodiesel yield. Moreover, the effective parameters such as methanol/oil ratio (1:12 mol/mol), reaction time (4 h), reaction temperature (60 oC), and catalyst content (3%) were determined as optimal conditions on biodiesel production yield. Additionally, the maximum biodiesel yield was determined 98.69% in these conditions. Moreover, the physical properties of biodiesel/diesel mixtures like density, flash point, kinematic viscosity, pour point, and cloud point were studied, and the results were compared with ASTM D14214 and ASTM D 6751 standards. Finally, the results showed that these properties were in the standard range; in addition, pour point and cloud point are not proper for cold weather.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biodiesel
  • Moringa Oleifera
  • Esterification
  • CaO/CuFe2O4/C Nanocatalyst
  • Temperature

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پژوهش نفت
دوره 30، 99-1 - شماره پیاپی 110
فروردین و اردیبهشت 1399
صفحه 113-130

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