تثبیت نانوذرات TiO2 برروی آلومیناسیلیکات طبیعی فرآوری شده جهت تولید هیدروژن: ارزیابی اثر فرآوری شیمیایی پایه و شرایط عملیاتی فرآیند

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی شیمی، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

2 مرکز کاتالیست، دانشکده مهندسی شیمی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

چکیده

در پژوهش حاضر، فرآیند فتوکاتالیستی شکافت آب برروی نانوذرات تیتانیای تثبیت شده بر پایه زئولیت طبیعی کلینوپتیلولیت و نیز کلینوپتیلولیت فرآوری شده به‌روش تعویض یونی، با هدف پی بردن به اثرات روش فرآوری پایه بر خواص فیزیکی- شیمیایی و عملکردی فتوکاتالیست و نیز بررسی اثر پارامترهای عملیاتی مختلف از جمله زمان، مقدار فتوکاتالیست و pH محلول واکنش انجام شد. به این منظور پس از فرآوری کلینوپتیلولیت به‌روش تعویض یونی، ترکیب تیتانیا- کلینوپتیلولیت فرآوری شده حاوی 10% وزنی TiO2 به‌روش بسیار آسان و ارزان توزیع حالت جامد سنتز گردید. در بررسی خصوصیات فتوکاتالیست سنتز شده از آنالیزهایی همچون XRDا، FESEMا، EDXا، BETا، PL و UV-vis استفاده شد. نتایج آنالیزهای شناسایی، بیانگر تشکیل کلوخه‌های کمتر، توزیع بهتر ذرات TiO2 و برهم‌کنش قوی‌تر بین پایه و فلز بوده که ناشی از مساحت سطح بیشتر و دسترسی بیشتر به میکروکانال‌های زئولیت، بواسطه پایه فرآوری شده، است. توزیع مناسب ذرات TiO2 منجر به افزایش تعداد سایت‌های فعال سطحی و بازده جدایش بیشتر جفت‌های الکترون- حفره شده که در نتیجه آن فعالیت فتوکاتالیستی افزایش می‌یابد. استفاده از کلینوپتیلولیت فرآوری‌شده منجر به افزایش 30% تولید هیدروژن در مقایسه با فتوکاتالیست بر پایه کلینوپتیلولیت خام می‌شود. با بررسی نحوه اثرگذاری پارامترهای عملیاتی، حداکثر مقدار هیدروژن تولیدی (µmol g-1 h-1 74/859) در شرایط بهینه زمان واکنش h 4، pH بازی برابر با 10 و مقدار کاتالیست g/L 1 به‌دست آمد که این میزان در مقایسه با نیمهرسانای TiO2 خالص به‌عنوان نمونه مرجع، حدوداً افزایش دوازده برابری دارد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Immobilization of TiO2 Nanoparticles Over Treated Natural Aluminasilicate for Hydrogen Production: Effect of Support Treatment and Operational Conditions of Process

نویسندگان [English]

  • Rojiar Akbari Sene 1
  • Farhad Rahmani 1
  • Gholamreza Moradi 2
  • Shahram Sharifnia 2
1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
2 Catalyst Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
چکیده [English]

In the present research, the photocatalytic water splitting process has been carried out over titania nanoparticles immobilized on parent clinoptilolite and ion exchange-treated clinoptilolite with the aim of understanding the effects of chemical treatment method on the physicochemical properties and performance of catalyst, and assessing the effects of operational parameters including irradiation time, photocatalyst dosage and solution pH. To this aim, 10 wt.% of TiO2 nanoparticles were loaded over zeolitic supports using facile and cost effective solid state dispersion (SSD) method. Moreover, the synthesized photocatalysts were characterized by XRD, FESEM, EDX, BET, PL and UV-vis techniques. The characterization results indicate that less population of surface particle aggregates, a better dispersion of titania particles and stronger metal-support interaction as a result of higher surface area and more accessibility of the zeolite micro-channels were achieved using modified clinoptilolite support. The fine dispersion of TiO2 particles reflects higher surface density of active sites and separation efficiency of electron-hole pairs, which accounts for their better photocatalytic performance. Employing the ion exchange- treated clinoptilolite as support led to 30% increase in the photocatalytic activity of TiO2-treated clinoptilolite for hydrogen evolution compared to that of TiO2-based composite containing the bare clinoptilolite. By assessing the influence of the operational conditions on the efficiency of water splitting, a maximum hydrogen evolution (859.74 µmol g-1 h-1) was obtained with optimum condition set at irradiation time of 4 h, solution pH of 10 and photocatalyst dosage of 1 g L-1, which is about 12 times greater than that of pure TiO2 as the reference sample.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Hydrogen
  • Solid State Dispersion
  • Ion-exchange
  • Water Splitting
  • Operational Parameters
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